本文是留学生论文代写范文：零售业领导者的发展：沃尔玛Development of a Retail Leader:Wal-Mar，主要内容是针对当今零售业的领导者——沃尔玛的发展过程及其经营模式进行分析研究。
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沃尔玛是世界上知名的行业之一。由于沃尔玛多年来的成功经营，沃尔玛被视为零售巨头。凭借良好的管理实践和独特的营销策略，沃尔玛不仅能在美国成功运作，而且在国际市场上也能成功运作。沃尔玛百货有限公司成立之初，Sam Walton创立，零售店的业务增长非常重要，在运营十七年的时间里，沃尔玛的年销售额超过了十亿美元。到2002年底，沃尔玛已成为全球最大的零售商，销售额达2180亿美元，创下美元的历史。随着这个巨大而持续的发展，零售店能够在全球范围内运作。沃尔玛全球行动是由其第一家国际店1991年在墨西哥城成立。
据估计，在全球范围内，有一亿名顾客访问了世界各地的沃尔玛商店。共有130万个员工在世界范围内受雇于公司，分布在3200个商店在美国以及在其他一千多家商店，其中包括在加拿大，巴西，墨西哥，阿根廷，波多黎各，中国，德国，韩国和英国。
One of the known industries all over the world is Wal-Mart.Wal-mart is considered as a retail giant due to the company's successful business over the years.With good management practices and unique marketing strategies,Wal-Mart was able to operate successfully not only in the United States but also in international market(Hayden et al,2002).ÂWal-Mart Stores,Inc.was first established and founded by Sam Walton at Rogers,Arkansas in 1962.The business growth of the retail store was momentous that within a span of seventeen years in operation,Wal-Mart had already topped annual sales at one billion US dollars.By the end of January in 2002,Wal-Mart has been recognized as the largest retailer in the world a sales record of 218 billion US dollars.With this huge and continuous development,it is no wonder the retail store was able to operate at the global level.The global operation of Wal-Mart was marked by the establishment of its first international store in 1991 at Mexico City(Govindarajan&Gupta,2001).
Through its international reach,an estimate of one hundred million customers are said to visit a Wal-Mart store found somewhere in the world.A total of 1.3 million associates worldwide are employed by the company and are distributed within its 3,200 stores in the United States as well at over a thousand other stores in Canada,Brazil,Mexico,Argentina,Puerto Rico,China,Germany,Korea and in the United Kingdom(Govindarajan&Gupta,2001).
The retail stores of Wal-Mart are operated in different formats worldwide.In general,the business is divided into three main segments:Wal-Mart Stores,Sam's Club and International Stores.The Wal-Mart stores are further subdivided into Discount Stores,Supercenters and Neighbourhood Markets.Sam's Club on the other hand,is a business segment that consists of membership warehouse clubs.According to the New York Stock Exchange(2005),Wal-Mart Stores operates about 1,478 Discount Stores,1,471 Supercenters,538 Sam's Club and 64 Neighbourhood Markets within the United States as of January 31,2004.In addition to this huge local operation,Wal-Mart and its international segment conducts retail operation within eight countries and Puerto Rico.Wal-Mart's international segment is made into several formats,which include retail stores,restaurants,discount stores,Sam's Club and Supercenters.Aside from these operations,Wal-Mart also owns a 37.8%unconsolidated minority interest in one of Japan's retailers,The Seiyu,Ltd.(New York Stock Exchange,2005).
Strategic marketing Management Techniques of Walmart
Wal-Mart dominates the American retailing industry due to number of factors like its business model which is still a mystery and its effectiveness in not letting the rivals let know about the weaknesses.Wal-Mart made strategic attempts in the its formulation to dominate the retail market where it has its presence,growth by expansion in the US and Internationally,create widespread name recognition and customer satisfaction in relation to brand name Wal-Mart and branching into new sectors of retailing.
