美国留学生经济学论文代写文章节选。主要介绍了各种不同类型银行和基础货币之间的关系，同时也介绍了货币的发展历程，以及政府对于银行和货币的一些政策
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关键词
中央银行;基础货币;商业银行
基础货币是中央银行向公众和商业银行的负债行为
基础货币,也称为高能货币,强势货币,在西方经济学中,它通常是指建立商业银行在中央银行的存款货币储备(法定储备和超额准备金)和循环以外的银行系统这两种货币的总和。为了了解基础货币是如何成为中央银行的负债,我们需要回顾一下货币的发展历史。
Relationship with the central bank's monetary base
Abstract
The monetary base includes currency in circulation,while the circulation of the currency is something familiar to the public,and we deal with it every day.It is also the root of the economic life of most of the problems.How much currency in circulation and inflation is closely related to the occurrence and impact on economic development and employment status.But the existing monopoly of base money issued by the central bank and the national authority forced circulation,the public has become accustomed to it,but also more concerned about their purchasing power,and gradually despite its redeemable nature.This paper analyzes the current base currency is actually the basis of the central bank's monetary liability on the holder,and further discussion of the relationship between the monetary base and many central banks.
Keywords
central bank;base money;commercial banks
Monetary base is the central bank liabilities to the public and commercial banks
Base currency,also known as high-powered money,strong currency,in Western economics,it usually refers to the creation of commercial banks deposits in the central bank's monetary reserve(statutory reserves and excess reserves)and circulation outside the banking system The sum of these two currency.[1]
In order to understand how the monetary base to become the central bank's liabilities,we need to review the history of money.Thomas Meyer believes that any one can perform exchange intermediary,values??or items with full flow of wealth storage means functions are likely to be money(generalized).Menger that the use of any specific item as money(narrowly),is a social habit,and this habit is through some kind of historical process evolved.So why is everyone willing to pay something useful to exchange the currency exchange is now merely an intermediary it?
Menger,the initial purpose of the exchange of mankind,for the most immediate needs,and therefore no matter what people only focus on the use of value that can be obtained through the exchange of goods of all kinds.When the owner of the goods that the use of the value of their goods they own,but the use value than the other people have goods is small,while the other one for both goods and when exactly the opposite for the evaluation,the exchange was able to established.But this direct exchange to be successful,it is not easy things.
Because of the direct final goal is to meet the needs of people of all economic effort,but if the final goal is not immediately reach or directly reached,people must take all the way to approach this goal,namely the use of its goods and goods with greater value exchange.Thus,he was able to use his first initial have something more reliable,more rapid and more economical to exchange goods required to reach its final goal.With the economic and cultural development,under the powerful influence of habit,such a phenomenon appeared everywhere:at the time the largest local sales force of goods,in exchange,the most ordinary people willing to accept,and thus most capable of any other commodity exchanged.Such a goods,and finally developed into the"currency"(narrow),so the currency itself contains requirements intended to right.Currency is a natural product of human economy,did not need the power of the state,its shape increased from special economic status of each country when formed.Due to the natural advantages of metal with currency gradually evolved from animals,such as a general metal,precious metal monetary form.[2]
Of course,since the precious metal is difficult to test its authenticity and purity,and cut chisel difficulties coinage appeared,also makes the precious metal sales improved more than before.Governments are also required to cast the transaction as their duty coinage,but the government in the implementation of this responsibility,often abuse their power,tension,people forget Mint Condition and quality assurance for those who cast their responsibilities.To meet the needs of small transactions to low-quality metal casting small coins appear accordingly.But such coins required for the transaction to be cast by the number of issued and can be readily converted into precious metal coinage,coinage issued in order to prevent the abuse of government power.[3]
