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Considering that the population in China already takes up about 1/5 of the world population, though this new policy was published corresponding to the appeal from citizens, incentive policies should be published by the government towards ‘only-child’ families. This will surely encourage more young people to continue the ‘old tradition’, while enjoying the benefits and welfares offered by the government.
(c) Raising awareness of family planning.
As previously stated, that the consciousness of family planning is yet to be enhanced especially in under-developed regions, which is also true for most rural areas in China. Due to limited education resources, many students living in rural areas cannot receive sex and procreation education in time, ending with too many children of their owns. Thus it is essential for the government to arrange staff to go to these areas regularly for the completion of education goals in population control.
5. Evaluation
(a) Solution 1- Education
The advantages (or Pros) of this solution are: first, it tackles the overpopulation problem using a very powerful tool, education, covering a wide range of people; second, as young generations are the ‘hope’ of the future, hence for achieving the ultimate goal of population control by the end of this century, it is necessary for them to realize the needs of population control via sex and procreation education.
Whereas disadvantages (or Cons) may include: first, it would be quite hard to make the sex and procreation education fit into the current curriculum, especially for developing countries; second, it is a problem regarding how to incorporate this education into the class, considering that the teachers might also have to be trained beforehand.
(b) Solution 2- Incentive policies
As the purpose of this plan is to achieve the balance between ‘one-child’ and ‘two-child’ families with respect to population control, its obvious advantage is to encourage as many as more youth to have only one child.
However, people also have the rights to choose the number of children they wish to raise, therefore, concerning its practical outcomes, nothing can be predicted for certain. Whether the implementation of incentive policies will affect the population demography much still depends on the reflection from the public’s voice.
(c) Solution 3- Family Planning
With reference to above ‘one-child’ policy, promotion of family planning across the nation could effectively avoid further rapid increase in population, maintaining a stable trend in fluctuation of the population. Besides, it also brings many individual benefits, relieving the economic burden on a family.
While on the other hand, a country also requires enough human resources to ensure its normal operation, hence stable population resulted from effective family planning, or even decrease, may lead to lack of workforce in a certain age group.
6. Conclusion
Overall, this essay offers practical solutions to the overpopulation issue in developing countries (and regions), with further evaluations, based on the previous analysis of causes & effects.
Referring to the context of overpopulation in China, education, incentives and family planning are three useful keys to overcome overpopulation, while education ranks the first as a priority. What is more, Education is also a powerful tool to help resolve overpopulation in other developing countries (and regions), where the government plays a crucial role.
7. References
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http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/china-population/.
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https://www.businessinsider.com/chinas-over-crowded-population-2016-3.
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