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Previous researches indicated that obesity might be significantly associated with depression [4,5]. Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders [6]. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) in 2000 estimated that 9.5% of the U.S. populations suffer from a depressive illness in any given year [7]. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) estimated that, during the years 2005-2006, 11.29% of total U.S. adults had experienced serious psychological distress in past year [8]. Several researches conducted in the United States and Canada have indicated associations between obesity and depressive symptoms [9], measures of psychological distress [10], and history of depression [11]. It is reported that the relationship between depression and obesity is dependent upon different gender, age, and race/ ethnics. People younger than 65 years old are much more prone to get depressed than their counterparts [9]. Besides, significant positive associations between depression and obesity are observed among women but not men [12,13,14]. However, when it comes to the relationship between depression and obesity dependent upon different races, there are some discrepancies. One report indicated that the Non-Hispanic Whites had a higher rate of depression compared to Non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and Asians [15]. Another report observed that Hispanics are much more prone to get depressed than Whites and Blacks [9].
The association between obesity and anxiety or substance use disorders is poorly understood. In epidemiology study, anxiety symptoms have indicated moderate positive associations with obesity in community and clinic samples [16]. Alcohol abuse has been associated with a lower risk of obesity [17].
We conduct this research to seek for the answer to the paradoxical results regarding the ethnicity differences and to investigate the relationship between obesity and substance use disorders. Meanwhile, to our knowledge, none of the studies to date has been conducted based on the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey (BRFSS). In the 2006 BRFSS, depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) instead of using just a single question in the 2001 BRFSS. The PHQ can evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms as well as establish provisional diagnoses of major and minor depression. Findings from this research can give instructions to government officers on making social policy decisions to help people in need of mental health services.
